Monday, December 30, 2019

The Values Of Humanistic Psychology - 767 Words

Michaela, I agree with you that one of the values of Humanistic Psychology is its emphasis on human potential for growth. The perspective is hopeful one. It does not mean that humanistic psychologists overlook challenge and darkness in people’s lives (see Hoffman, 2009). I believe that our choice to value individual potential for growth and actualization provides openings for discovering the value(s) of challenges we face in life. Hoffman, E. (2009). Rollo May on Maslow and Rogers: No theory of evil. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 49(4) 484-485. doi: 10.1177/0022167809341567 Adia, I agree that it is helpful to remember the assumption. I tend to wonder about the meaning and significance of my clients’ struggles. I also believe that people are always moving forward, no matter how slow the movement might be. These two notions help me to appreciate what can appear to be stagnating in clients’ lives. What would be helpful for you to keep the assumption in your mind as you matriculate the degree and gain experience as a clinician? Clara, Very good point! Do you have a theory to why May was left out? Furthermore, Freedom comes with responsibility. One way I think about this is that we have recurrent opportunities to respond. In our ability to respond, we have freedom to make choices that help us to create a path toward actualization. Without recognizing such freedom to choose (to respond), people can fall into a passive attitude regarding life. As a consequence to theShow MoreRelatedHumanistic Psychology Essay1421 Words   |  6 Pagesinherent value and dignity of human beings. They have spoken out against ideologies, beliefs and practices, which held people to be merely the means for accomplishing economic and political ends. They have reminded their contemporaries that the purpose of institutions is to serve and advance the freedom and power of their members. In Western civilization we honor the times and places, such as Classical Greece and Europe of the Renaissance, when such affirmations were expressed. Humanistic PsychologyRead More Humanistic Psychology Essay1424 Words   |  6 Pagesinherent value and dignity of human beings. They have spoken out against ideologies, beliefs and practices, which held people to be merely the means for accomplishing economic and political ends. They have reminded their contemporaries that the purpose of institutions is to serve and advance the freedom and power of their members. In Western civilization we honor the times and places, such as Classical Greece and Europe of the Renaissance, when such affirmations were expressed. Humanistic PsychologyRead MoreDiagnosis Of Anxiety Disorder ( Adhd )872 Words   |  4 Pagesthe rise in the difficulty of his classes. More specifically, it could have been a behavioral, humanistic, and/or a cognitive factor of which induced his anxiety. Depending on how the counselor came up with Jake’s diagnosis, comparative analysis can be applied to the three possible variable factors of Jake’s counselor’s reasoning, and how other psychologists view each of the same behavioral, humanistic, and cognitive factors today. A Behaviorist believes that all behavior is the result of activatedRead MoreEssay And Peer Reflection : Personality Theory781 Words   |  4 PagesPeer Reflection: Personality Theory Introduction Humanistic Psychology presents insight into understanding human behavior by delving into the individualistic view of each person. The importance of self-actualization infects the Western culture so psychologists need to have an understanding of individuals in order to counsel those who seek counseling. What is it? Humanistic Psychology arose during the 1950’s. The humanistic approach in psychology developed as a rebellion against what some psychologistsRead MorePsychology : Theories Of Personality1577 Words   |  7 PagesPERSONALITY 4 (ANALYZE THE HUMANISTIC APPROACH TO UNDERSTANDING PERSONALITY) Faculty Use Only The Humanistic Approach to Understanding Personality In the 1950?s, the field of psychology was dominated mainly by two schools of thought: psychoanalytic theory (the unconscious mind and unconscious motivations that shape human behavior), and behaviorism (the ways in which conditioning processes shape human behavior). To many humanistic and positive psychologistsRead MoreThe Profession Of Counselling Psychology1582 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The profession of counselling psychology has developed hugely during the past decade, this paper aims to provide a concise and general exploration of the nature of counselling psychology, it’s development history, where it stands among other traditional approaches, and how disciplines of psychology is linked with a range of models of psychotherapy. In 1982 counselling psychology started developing as a section within the British Psychological Society, and in 1994 it was then recognizedRead MoreThe Three Fronts Of Contemporary Psychology946 Words   |  4 PagesThe three fronts of contemporary psychology are behavioristic, humanistic and psychoanalytic. Behaviorism was labeled the primary front of psychology, and was a belief that behaviors can be measured, trained or changed. This is similar to how one person acts, compared to another person. A person’s belief may display how he or she will react towards a particular situation. This view was based on the proposition that behavior can be researched scientifically without recourse to inner mental statesRead MoreHumanistic Theories Debate On Abraham Maslow And Carl Rogers1617 Words   |  7 Pages Humanistic Theories Debate Team B – Anthony Garcia, Becky Billison, Cher Keen, Britanie McKernan, Megan Groulx PSY/310 September 7, 2015 Dr. Sadie Fine â€Æ' Humanistic Theories Debate In the debate between Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers, both whom are humanistic theorists that share a mutual interest in the teachings of self-actualization, will discuss the specifics of their individual theories regarding the main points, their contributions, and the criticism they have received about their theoriesRead MoreBehaviorism, Cognitive, and Humanistic Essay example906 Words   |  4 PagesBehaviorism, Cognitive and Humanistic All Summed Up Janice M. Brown Aspects of Psychology Professor Trego November 8, 2012 Behaviorism, Cognitive, and Humanistic Behaviorism, cognitive and humanistic are all perspectives (or theories) of psychology. Behaviorism is a perspective that suggests that all behaviors are learned. What I mean by that is according to John B. Watson who founded the school of psychology, suggests the behaviors can be measured, trained, and changed. [ (Cherry, 2012)Read MoreCarol Rogers Influence in Psychology1264 Words   |  6 PagesInfluence on Modern Psychology Introduction Carl Rogers is considered the founder of client-centered therapy, which asserts that childhood experiences affect an individual’s feelings, thoughts, and behavior (Rathus, 2004). The therapist must see the world from that of the client to be effective in treatment. Rogers has influenced many psychological theories and therapies present today, especially positive psychology. Despite this fact, many who practice positive psychology do not, or are not

Sunday, December 22, 2019

Agency Theory And Stakeholder Theory - 1851 Words

The interests of stakeholders, including individuals, corporations and society, are in extreme conflict with each other and have different goals they want to be achieved. This essay will be arguing that social and non economic interests can be aligned as well as the interests of certain stakeholders, in particular the shareholders and executive directors/managers, can be aligned to a certain extent as there will still be some conflict in interests. The first half of this essay will be introduce agency theory and stakeholder theory and how it looks to align the interests of individuals, corporations and society. Also discussed in the first half essay will be how Cadbury looks to align the interests of the stakeholders. The second half of the essay will be arguing the reasons for and against the alignment of interests, such as executive pay and structure of boards. Agency theory and stakeholder theory will be a reoccurring theme throughout the essay because the arguments made will be linked back to either stakeholder theory or agency theory and if possible, be discussed from both of the theories perspective. Principal - agent relationships is when one party, the principals, hires another party, the agents, to act on their behalf. Shareholders hire executives or managers to take control of the firm and make decisions on their behalf to maximise their interests. The control of the business is divorced between the principals and the agents therefore there is a conflict ofShow MoreRelatedAgency And Stakeholder Theories To The Enron Debacle6344 Words   |  26 PagesBusiness and Society Review 110:1 59– 76 Applying the Agency and Stakeholder Theories to the Enron Debacle: An Ethical Perspective Blackwell Oxford, Business BASR  © 0045-3609 O 1 110 BUSINESS CULPAN riginal 2004 Center UK Article and and Publishing, and TRUSSEL Society for SOCIETY Business Ltd. Review REVIEW Ethics at Bentley College REFIK CULPAN AND JOHN TRUSSEL INTRODUCTION W e examine the infamous Enron debacle from an ethical perspective by deï ¬ ning its theoretical underpinnings and analyzingRead MoreDiscuss the Influential Role That Agency Theory, Transaction Cost Theory and Stakeholder Theory Have Played Both in the Conception and Reform of Corporate Governance. Your Discussions Should Include the Basic Concepts2027 Words   |  9 Pagesthree important theories in corporate governance, different theories using different terminology, and views corporate governance from different perspective. Some articles are used to support these theories in this paper. From the Cadbury Report in 1992, we can get the information that corporate governance is the system by which companies are directed and controlled, which involves a set of relationship between a company’s management, its board, its shareholders and other stakeholders, and the objectivesRead MoreCompeting Models Of Corporate Governance1398 Words   |  6 Pagestwo main competing models in corporate governance. Stakeholder method Under the stakeholder model of corporate governance, firms owned and controlled by small number of major shareholders. This model of corporate governance often called as the relationship based method due to the close relationship maintained between companies and their major shareholders. This close relationship, little separation of ownership and control minimises the agency problem. However, as a result of the minimum separationRead MoreCorporate Ethics Theory And Stakeholder Theory1309 Words   |  6 Pagesbeen regarded to devote solely to the company’s shareholders. However, this notion is seen as immoral. This is because according to the notion of corporate social responsibility, business must behave ethically, represents a broader recognition of stakeholders and must take into account economic, social and environmental inputs in the way it operates. Hence, people against the notion of shareholder primacy suggest that the director should also take into account the intere st of a wide range of shareholdersRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility : Csr979 Words   |  4 PagesThe notion of Corporate Social Responsibility is a phenomenon globally known for many years. In spite of the fact that CSR has been neglected for quite a long time, nowadays several authors deal with this issue, as revealed by the development of theories in recent years concerning the topic. In spite of the fact that there has been a huge growth of literature it is still impossible to simply define CSR. Many definitions trying to capture the concept of CSR exist, but their content varies (MattenRead MoreStakeholder Theory Vs. Stakeholder Thinking1160 Words   |  5 PagesStakeholder theory and definition Stakeholder is defined as â€Å"any group or individual who can affect or is affected by the achievement of the organization’s objectives† (Freeman 1984). Stakeholder theory, when introduced in the 1980s, signify a major change in how relationships within a business might coexist and benefit one another. The concept of â€Å"Stakeholder theory† or â€Å"stakeholder thinking† is about identifying groups who are stakeholder in a corporation and manage them. It states that organizationsRead MoreTransparency Is Key Aspect of Corporate Governance1331 Words   |  6 PagesThe boards of directors are responsible for the governance of their companies so there has to be transparency in company reporting. Transparency is key aspect of corporate governance because of implementing corporate governance this will allow stakeholders and shareholders to review and evaluate performance of management and the company this ensures that the board of directors and the executiv e directors of corporations act in the best interest of shareholders and the corporations. It is implementedRead MoreThe Effect of Agency Problems in Value Maximization636 Words   |  3 PagesTHE EFFECT OF AGENCY PROBLEMS IN VALUE MAXIMIZATION Siti Balkish Roslan ZP01796 Financial Management 2/2013 According to HBS Professor Michal C. Jensen, many managers are caught in between the desire to maximize the value of their companies and the demands of â€Å"stakeholder theory† to take into account the interests of all the stakeholders in a firm. It is already agency problems arise within a firm whenever managers incentives to pursue own interests at the shareholder expense. This is commonRead MoreThe Success Or Failure For The Walt Disney Company Essay1502 Words   |  7 Pagesdiscuss about how the success or failure for The Walt Disney Company apply several corporate government theories and corporate board management to their organisation. 1.2 A - Definition of Corporate Governance Corporate governance is the internal and external framework of verification and counterbalance to the organisation. This framework ensures that accountability discharge to all their stakeholders by an organisation. Meanwhile, at all areas of the business activity, the organisation should act inRead MoreThe Agency Theory For The Best Interest Of The Shareholders1234 Words   |  5 PagesThe Agency Theory: This theory attributes the control for the best interest of the shareholders,it was introduced by Demsetz and Alchian (1972 )and was further improved by Meckling and Jensen ( Heslinda and Benedict,2009). The agency is a contract between the principal which are shareholders and the agent which are the managers . Most of the literature on corporate governance finds its roots in agency theory the relationships normally occurs when the principal hires the agent to perform a service

Saturday, December 14, 2019

What skills are needed to make an effective team member Free Essays

Good communication skills are essential in making an important contribution to a team. Different elements of these are outlined in the following paragraphs. In our event unit 18 I kept an upright body posture to help me communicate my message in a confident way, for example I avoided crossing my arms in a defensive position when speaking to people, when listening to someone else, I would smile, frown, laugh or be silent at appropriate times to show that I understand and to give feedback when working in a team work situation. We will write a custom essay sample on What skills are needed to make an effective team member or any similar topic only for you Order Now Tact is a very important teamwork skill. During my event unit I respected others and their ideas; I tried not to consciously abrupt or cut off other people while they are still trying to say something. Everyone in the team is important and deserves respect, so I listened to their ideas and valued their contributions. I was sensitive and tactful in disagreements. Raising team morale and reducing tension in a team is very important when defusing resolving conflict within a team. Once there was a disagreement between two team members and I resolved this by stepping in and trying to identify the positives in both positions; making it a ‘win-win’ situation. It is even better if you can anticipate conflict as actions can be taken before hand to avoid it. Conflict generally occurs when people have different ways of working, different characters, or give different values to their own contribution to the team. If one person is likely to try to force their view on others without listening to alternatives – then I would encourage others to put forward their views first. Earlier in my assignments I have studied that the difference between a group and a team is that a team is all about shared responsibility in achieving goals. We have also studied that there are two main elements of teamwork – concern to complete the task and concern to support the process. Concern for team members is a vital process skill. Tasks are completed better when everyone is pulling in the same direction a united team is a motivated team. A genuine concern should be displayed so team recuperation and performance will increase to a higher level. Many of us pay little attention to the quality of our listening, leaving a gap between hearing others and really listening to what they have to say. Real listening involves three steps: 1. Hearing – this is listening well enough to catch what the speakers have to say. E.g. if the speaker is talking about team roles and says that it is important to have a leader. You hear jus enough to repeat this fact- then you have what was said. 2. Understanding – you absorb what has been said and understand it in your own way. When you heard the speaker say that it is important to have a leader then you understand that the speaker could be suggesting that the team should have a leader. 3. Judging – this is when you understand what the speaker has said and you will want to judge whether it makes sense. To get to stage three you really need to listen carefully. So attentive listening can create a good team listener- someone who is willing to see that the sum of the team is greater than the individual parts. I have felt this before as I have seen that other people have good ideas which are better than my own. Questioning is useful, it helps clarify issues in a team and displays awareness for areas that need clearing up. If people don’t ask questions they are more likely to make mistakes. I have found in my event unit that by asking a question politely, when you are unsure of something, the chances are that someone else in your team is also not sure but was too polite or scared to ask. Sincerity is important. Sincere and honest people are preferred to the superficial. One of the main criticisms of team members is that they are ‘two faced’ or ‘insincere’. Teams should be built on trust. In our event unit, all team members put forward their ideas and contributed to the team in a sincere and open way, which is why we created a powerful team. You need to feel sure that your ideas are worth sharing if you want to speak clearly and confidently. Focusing on the key message that you want to get across and avoid getting sidetracked into irrelevant issues. Long pauses and ‘ers’ and ‘ums’ that break up the flow of your message should be avoided. When presenting powerpoints in my event unit or speaking with customers and team members I would take this into account. In one circumstance, I had to speak to a member of the management staff and I was told I speak articulately. A good team member needs to be organised, areas to work on will include the following: * Preparation for meetings – it is important to be effectively prepared for your meetings. Ensure you arrive on time and have done the appropriate background work. E.g. if the meeting is to discuss an action plan, you need to ensure that you have completed all the actions required from the last meeting. If you are being asked to present information you should ensure that it is set out in a summary paper that is clear and easy to understand. Dates of meetings and other important team activities should be put into your diary, you need to monitor that you haven’t double booked meetings on your calendar. * As a team member it is important to be able to identify key issues facing your team. Consider what these issues are and then about the best ways of presenting them to your team. E.g. an issue we had in our event unit was that we didn’t confirm what we were going to sell so we had a team meeting to resolve this issue. Having identified what the root causes of these issues were it was necessary to broach them in a tactful and sensitive way. * Teams should create schedules laying out when activities have to be carried out. Team work activities usually involve targets and deadlines. Scheduling involves identifying the key stages and processes that need to be completed. Dates should be attached to the completion of these activities and team members allocated responsibilities on a clear schedule. Our event unit required us to create schedules. A crucial element of scheduling activities at the personal level is effective time management. In order to develop this skill it is necessary to allocate time in a well organised way. By focusing on one activity at a time it is possible to maximise attention on that activity before moving onto another prioritised area. In our event unit our teacher advised to us to use a method of allocating time through a value analysis of time called the ABC analysis. * ‘A’ activities are those that are ranked as very important. They can be effectively carried out by the person involved or team working with that person. * ‘B’ activities are important but can be delegated. E.g. in our event unit it was my job to obtain a game console, I did this by myself but as another team member working in the same department as me, as a backup, so if I could not obtain the game console he would. * ‘C’ activities are less important but usually represent the lion’s share of the work. They include routine tasks such as paperwork and telephone calls. In our event unit we had to create flyers, leaflets etc to promote our business. To meet deadlines, we focused on the most important ‘A’ task and completed one or two ‘A’ tasks each day then a further two to three ‘B’ tasks and set aside some time for ‘C’ marks. This helped us to complete tasks on schedule when new carefully prioritise activities and gave appropriate time to the most important ones. * Responsibility – allocating responsibility is important in team work. At the end of the day the team needs to take responsibility for getting team tasks completed to a standard on time. But within the team it is vital to allocate responsibilities to individuals. A vital teamwork skill thus involves taking on responsibility. We were all allocated by our manager in our event unit 18. Self management is when we are able to manage ourselves effectively in our interactions with others. This is very important because as people are asked to take on more responsibility in organisations it can lead to increasing levels on stress and frustration if others do not accept their responsibilities. However we were a well managed group in our event unit 18 so this situation did not occur. * Responsiveness – good team workers are responsive to the needs of their team and to the needs of other team members. They respond to emails, they respond to other forms of communication and they respond to the challenges of creating a great team. A responsive team member rises to any team challenge that comes their way. * Adaptability – team workers need to be able to adapt to changing situations. Modern organisations are characterised by change, in our event unit 18 team workers are frequently asked to adjust to changing situations by: * Making decisions for themselves when dealing with customers. * Taking on more responsibility * Dealing with situations they have never faced before * Taking on new team roles – perhaps roles that they have not played before e.g. to chair a meeting. * Consideration of options – in most problem solving and decision making situations there are options to choose from. Teams are likely to generate more options than individuals working alone. A good team member will seek to find out as many different options as possible. They will then consider the options and help the team come up with a decision to choose the best option. A poor team worker will only consider one option- their own. For example in our event unit 18 we all had different ideas what to do for the event. * Maintaining focus – people tend to be only to concentrate on tasks for a relatively short period of time. Then they lose focus. This means that a team project can get off to a good start before losing momentum. Jus before the deadline date people regain focus- but often it is too late. This happened quite a lot in our event unit 18 as, to be honest, we are teenagers and easily distracted by internet gaming, online shopping, but thanks to our manager and teacher we were motivated to maintain focus and we held a successful event before it was too late. * Openness to criticism – we should all be open to criticism in order to improve ourselves, good criticism should focus on processes rather than judgments about people. E.g. when I created a business logo, I went round the group and asked them whether they liked the design or not, from their feedback, I tweaked my the original logo and created a couple of other logos, from which the whole group, picked one, this brought the group together and made us feel more like a team. ‘That didn’t work, perhaps we could do it this way’ is positive criticism which helps the team move forward. If providing criticism is focused on processes then we should accept it in a good spirit. Process criticism helps us to make improvements to our practice. I think that these skills were important for my unit 18 event and in general too. How to cite What skills are needed to make an effective team member, Papers

Friday, December 6, 2019

Universe and Illuminati God Essay Sample free essay sample

God created the Universe and adult male. this is what the bible says about the beginning of the existence but they didn’t know about what things happened on the twenty-four hours that Eve married woman of Adam was made. It all started with Lucifer he was the caput of all God’s angels. but he was non contented with his power. He wants to hold all the power in the Universe like God. He doesn’t desire to be a portion of God’s Kingdom but to be like God so he formed angels of his ain. These angels were armored with rage and there wings were every bit black as onyx. When God knew about it he called up Lucifer and allow him explicate. but Lucifer filled himself with pride and enraged God so God send Lucifer to the mortal universe to endure together with his angels. When Lucifer bead to set down he take signifier of a snake and manipulate Eve’s head so there all of his programs started. We will write a custom essay sample on Universe and Illuminati God Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page After a few old ages Lucifer took human signifier and established a land to kill all the Christians in England. The knights were called Mason and the Templar knights didn’t stand a opportunity when the Mason gathered all the Christians they went to Fort Fleridel Banza where they tied all the Christians and forced them to deny at that place God. those who didn’t convert were burned to ashes. After all those the illuminati was made it was for told that there would be 10 illuminati Prophetss that would come to the universe and would convey catastrophe. but when the 3rd prophesier came he was killed and the concatenation was broken and it spread to all of the people in the universe. By now all the people in the universe possesses an evil aura that came out of the prophesier. but there is no demand to worry for this won’t affect any the people every bit long as they have faith. When clip passes fast the following prophesier was born to give catastrophe to the universe and the concatenation continued until the twelvemonth 2000 because the prophesier sacrificed his life to distribute immorality to the universe. After all the phenomenon that happened everyone has lost hint on how many Prophetss had done at that place responsibility to this universe. Merely one thing was certain that the last prophesier used all his energy to confound the defenders of religion. so that they won’t know who would be the following prophesier. Some say that the prophesier was Madonna. Nicki Minaj. Lady Gaga. Justine Bieber and many more no 1 can state because of that catastrophe but one thing for certain the terminal is droning near and all of us will travel to judgement. It was told in a narrative that the 9th prophesier will decease and the 10th will take the topographic point. After a few yearss in place he reveals himself as the last prophesier of the illuminati and spread to the universe immorality. He will give himself the rubric as the swayer of the universe and the mortal signifier of Lucifer. Then the Nuclear War ( 3rd World War ) would go on and all hope is lost. They say that the younger coevals has misfortune but one thing they didn’t know that they have the ability to salvage world from evil and salvage their psyches from being burnt everlastingly in snake pit. They say on the 3 yearss of darkness the immature coevals would function as the beginning of hope for world. The destiny of the universe lies in your custodies.